I-Potassium dicarboxylatesisongezelelo sokuqala sokutya esikhuthaza ukukhula okungengokubulala iintsholongwane esivunyiweyo yi-European Union. Ngumxube we-potassium dicarboxylate kunye ne-formic acid ngokusebenzisa i-intermolecular hydrogen bond. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiihagu ezincinci kunye neehagu ezikhulayo ezigqibezelayo. Iziphumo zovavanyo lokutya zibonise ukuba ukongeza i-potassium dicarboxylate ekutyeni kweehagu kunokunyusa kakhulu ubunzima beehagu kwaye kunciphise inani lokufa okubangelwa lusulelo lweebhaktheriya. Ukongeza i-potassium dicarboxylate ekutyeni kweenkomo kunokuphucula isivuno sobisi lweenkomo.

Kolu phononongo, iidosi ezahlukeneyo zei-potassium dicarboxylatezongezwa kwisondlo sePenaeus vannamei eneproteni ephantsi, ukuze kuhlolwe iarhente ekhuthaza ukukhula engenazintsholongwane esebenzayo nenobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

Impahla nenkqubo

1.1 Isondlo sovavanyo

Iziphumo zefomyula yokutya okulingwayo kunye nohlalutyo lweekhemikhali ziboniswe kwiTheyibhile 1. Kukho amaqela amathathu okutya kolu vavanyo, kwaye umxholo we-potassium dicarboxylate yi-0%, 0.8% kunye ne-1.5% ngokwahlukeneyo.

1.2 iishrimp zovavanyo

Ubunzima bokuqala bomzimba wePenaeus vannamei yayiyi (57.0 ± 3.3) mg) C. Olu vavanyo lwahlulwe lwaba ngamaqela amathathu kunye neekopi ezintathu kwiqela ngalinye.

1.3 Iindawo zokutya

Ukulima iishrimp kwenziwa kwiikheyiji ezineentambo ezineenkcazo ze-0.8 mx 0.8 mx 0.8 M. Zonke iikheyiji ezineentambo zabekwa kwidama lesamente elijikelezayo (eliyi-1.2 m ukuphakama, eliyi-16.0 m ububanzi).

1.4 Uvavanyo lokutyisa i-potassium formate

Amaqela amathathu okutya (0%, 0.8% kunye ne-1.5% ye-potassium dicarboxylate) anikwa ngokungacwangciswanga kwiqela ngalinye emva kobunzima beziqwenga ezingama-30 / ibhokisi. Ubungakanani bokutya yayiyi-15% yobunzima bokuqala bomzimba ukususela ngomhla woku-1 ukuya kumhla we-10, 25% ukususela ngomhla we-11 ukuya kumhla wama-30, kunye ne-35% ukususela ngomhla wama-31 ukuya kumhla wama-40. Olu vavanyo luthathe iintsuku ezingama-40. Ubushushu bamanzi buyi-22.0-26.44 ℃ kwaye ityuwa yi-15. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-40, ubunzima bomzimba bulinganiswe kwaye babalwe, kunye nobunzima.

Iziphumo ezi-2.2

Ngokwesilingo sobuninzi beentlanzi ezifuywayo, ubuninzi beentlanzi ezifuywayo obuphezulu yayiziintlanzi ezingama-30 / ibhokisi. Izinga lokusinda kweqela elilawulayo yayiyi-(92.2 ± 1.6)%, kwaye izinga lokusinda kweqela le-0.8% le-potassium diformate yayiyi-100%; Nangona kunjalo, izinga lokusinda kwePenaeus vannamei lehle laya kwi-(86.7 ± 5.4)%, xa inqanaba lokongeza landa laya kwi-1.5%. I-feed coefficient nayo ibonise umkhwa ofanayo.

Ingxoxo ezi-3

Kolu vavanyo, ukongeza i-potassium diformate kunokuphucula ngempumelelo ukufumaneka kwemihla ngemihla kunye nezinga lokusinda kwePenaeus vannamei. Imbono efanayo yavezwa xa kudityaniswa i-potassium dicarboxylate kwisondlo seehagu. Kwaqinisekiswa ukuba ukongeza i-0.8% ye-potassium diformate kwisondlo see-shrimp sePenaeus vannamei kunefuthe elingcono lokukhuthaza ukukhula. URoth et al. (1996) bacebise ukongezwa kokutya okufanelekileyo kwisondlo seehagu, okwakuyi-1.8% kwisondlo sokuqala, i-1.2% kwisondlo sokulumula kunye ne-0.6% ekukhuliseni nasekugqibeni iihagu.

Isizathu sokuba i-potassium dicarboxylate ikhuthaze ukukhula kukuba i-potassium dicarboxylate inokufikelela kwindawo yamathumbu ebuthathaka kwi-alkaline ngokutya isisu sesilwanyana ngendlela epheleleyo, ize ibole ngokuzenzekelayo ibe yi-formic acid kwaye ibumbe, ibonise impembelelo enamandla ye-bacteriostatic kunye ne-bactericidal, okwenza amathumbu esilwanyana abonakale "engenazintsholongwane", ngaloo ndlela ibonise impembelelo yokukhuthaza ukukhula.