Ixabiso le potassium diformate ekufuyeni iinkukhu:

Impembelelo ebalulekileyo ye-antibacterial (ukunciphisa i-Escherichia coli ngaphezu kwe-30%), ukuphucula izinga lokuguqulwa kwesondlo nge-5-8%, ukubuyisela i-antibiotics ukunciphisa izinga lohudo ngama-42%. Ubunzima beenkuku zenyama yi 80-120 grams kwinkukhu nganye, izinga lemveliso yeqanda lokuzala linyuswe nge 2-3%, kwaye inzuzo ebanzi inyuswe nge 8% -12%, eyona nto iphambili ekulimeni ukulima.

Potassium diformate, njengohlobo olutsha lwezongezo zokutya, lubonise ixabiso elibalulekileyo lesicelo kwintsimi yeenkukhu zokulima kwiminyaka yamuva. I-antibacterial yayo ekhethekileyo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula, kunye neendlela zokuphucula impilo yamathumbu zibonelela ngesisombululo esitsha sokufuya iinkukhu eziphilileyo.

I-1, iipropati zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali kunye nesiseko esisebenzayo se-potassium diformate

Potassium diformatei-crystalline compound eyenziwe ngokudityaniswa kwe-asidi ye-formic kunye ne-potassium diformate kwi-1: i-molar ratio ye-1, kunye ne-molecular formula CHKO ₂. Kubonakala njengomgubo omhlophe wekristale kwaye unyibilika ngokulula emanzini. Le tyuwa ye-asidi ye-organic ihlala izinzile kwiindawo ezine-acidic, kodwa inokwahlukana kwaye ikhulule i-acid ye-formic kunye ne-potassium diformate kwiindawo ezingathathi hlangothi okanye ezibuthathaka zealkaline (ezifana namathumbu enkukhu). Ixabiso layo elikhethekileyo lilele kwinto yokuba i-asidi ye-formic yi-acid e-fatty chain short kunye neyona nto inamandla ye-antibacterial umsebenzi phakathi kwe-asidi ephilayo eyaziwayo, ngelixa i-ion ye-potassium inokuncedisa i-electrolytes, kwaye ezimbini zisebenza kunye.

Impembelelo ye-antibacterial yepotassium diformateubukhulu becala iphunyezwa ngeendlela ezintathu:

Iimolekyuli ze-asidi ezidibeneyo zingangena kwiimbumba zeeseli zebhakteria, zinciphise i-pH ye-intracellular, kwaye ziphazamise iinkqubo ze-enzyme ze-microbial kunye nokuthuthwa kwezondlo;
I-asidi ye-formic engasonjululwanga ingena kwiiseli zebhaktheriya kwaye ibole ibe yi-H ⁺ kunye ne-HCOO ⁻, iphazamisa isakhiwo se-nucleic acids yebhakteria, ngokukodwa ukubonisa iziphumo ezibalulekileyo zokuthintela kwiibhaktheriya ze-Gram ezifana ne-Salmonella kunye ne-Escherichia coli.

Uphando lubonise ukuba ukongeza i-0.6% ye-potassium formate kunokunciphisa inani le-Escherichia coli kwi-cecum yeenkukhu ze-broiler ngaphezulu kwe-30%;

Ngokuthintela ukwanda kweebhaktheriya ezinobungozi, ukukhuthaza ngokungathanga ngqo i-colonization yeebhaktheriya ezinenzuzo ezifana ne-lactic acid bacteria, kunye nokuphucula ibhalansi ye-intestinal microbiota.

2. Eyona ndlela ingundoqo yokwenza umsebenzi wokufuya iinkukhu
1. Iimpawu ze-antibacterial ezisebenzayo, ukunciphisa umthwalo we-pathogen

Impembelelo ye-antibacterial ye-potassium diformate ifumaneka ikakhulu ngeendlela ezintathu:
Iimolekyuli ze-asidi ezidibeneyo zingangena kwiimbumba zeeseli zebhakteria, zinciphise i-pH ye-intracellular, kwaye ziphazamise iinkqubo ze-enzyme ze-microbial kunye nokuthuthwa kwezondlo;
I-asidi ye-formic engasonjululwanga ingena kwiiseli zebhaktheriya kwaye ibole ibe yi-H ⁺ kunye ne-HCOO ⁻, iphazamisa isakhiwo se-nucleic acids yebhakteria, ngokukodwa ukubonisa iziphumo ezibalulekileyo zokuthintela kwiibhaktheriya ze-Gram ezifana ne-Salmonella kunye ne-Escherichia coli. Uphando lubonise ukuba ukongeza i-0.6% ye-potassium diformate kunokunciphisa inani le-Escherichia coli kwi-cecum yeenkukhu zenyama ngaphezulu kwe-30%;
Ngokuthintela ukwanda kweebhaktheriya ezinobungozi, ukukhuthaza ngokungathanga ngqo i-colonization yeebhaktheriya ezinenzuzo ezifana ne-lactic acid bacteria, kunye nokuphucula ibhalansi ye-intestinal microbiota.

2. Ukuphucula umsebenzi wokugaya kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwesondlo ngokufanelekileyo

Ukunciphisa ixabiso le-pH yendlela yesisu, sebenzisa i-pepsinogen, kwaye ukhuthaze ukuchithwa kweprotheni;
Ukuvuselela imfihlo yee-enzymes zokugaya kwi-pancreas, ukuphucula izinga lokugaya isitashi kunye namafutha. Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba ukongeza i-0.5% ye-potassium diformate kwi-broiler feed inokunyusa izinga lokuguqulwa kwesondlo nge-5-8%;

Khusela ukwakheka kwe-intestinal villus kwaye ukwandise indawo yokufunxa yamathumbu amancinci. Uphononongo lwe-Electron microscopy lubonise ukuba ubude be-villus yejejunum kwiinkukhu zebroiler eziphathwa nge potassium fomate bonyuke nge-15% -20% xa kuthelekiswa neqela lolawulo.

Umphathiswa wezoLimo waseTshayina (2019). Iyanciphisa iziganeko zohudo ngeendlela ezininzi. Kuvavanyo lweentsuku ezingama-35 ubudala ngenyama yenkukhu eneentsiba ezimhlophe, ukongezwa kwe-0.8%potassium diformateukunciphisa izinga lohudo ngama-42% xa kuthelekiswa neqela elingenanto, kwaye umphumo wawufana neqela le-antibiotic.
3, Iinzuzo zesicelo kwimveliso yangempela

1. Ukusebenza ngokufuya iinkuku
Ukusebenza kokukhula: Ngeentsuku ze-42 ubudala, umyinge wokufumana ubunzima bokuxhela yi-80-120 grams, kwaye ukufana kuphuculwe ngamanqaku epesenti ye-5;

Ukuphuculwa komgangatho wenyama: kunciphisa ilahleko yokuthontsiza kwemisipha yesifuba kwaye kwandise ubomi beshelufu. Oku kunokuhambelana nokunciphisa kwayo uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative, kunye namanqanaba e-MDA e-serum ehla nge-25%;

Iinzuzo zoqoqosho: Kubalwa ngokusekelwe kumaxabiso okutya angoku, inkukhu nganye inokunyusa ingeniso eshiyekileyo nge-yuan eyi-0.3-0.5.
2. Isicelo kwi-Egg Chicken Production
Izinga lemveliso yeqanda linyuswe nge-2-3%, ngakumbi kwiinkukhu ezizalela emva kwexesha eliphakamileyo;

Ukuphuculwa komgangatho weqanda leqanda, kunye ne-0.5-1 yepesenti yokunciphisa izinga lokuphuka kweqanda, ngenxa yokunyuka kwe-calcium absorption performance;

Ukunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuxinwa kwe-ammonia kwiindle (30% -40%) kunye nokuphucula indawo yangaphakathi.

Isiganeko sokudumba kwenkaba yenkukhu sehla, kwaye izinga lokusinda leentsuku ezi-7 linyuke nge-1.5-2%.

4. Isicwangciso sokusetyenziswa kwezenzululwazi kunye nezilumkiso
1. Imali eyongeziweyo ecetyiswayo

I-Broiler: 0.5% -1.2% (ephezulu kwinqanaba lokuqala, eliphantsi kwinqanaba elilandelayo);
Iinkukhu ezibeka amaqanda: 0.3% -0.6%;
Izongezo zamanzi okusela: 0.1% -0.2% (ziya kusetyenziswa kunye ne-acidifiers).

2. Izakhono zokuhambelana
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-synergistic kunye ne-probiotics kunye ne-oyile yezityalo ezibalulekileyo kunokunyusa umphumo;
Kuphephe ukuxuba ngokuthe ngqo izinto zealkaline (ezifana nesoda yokubhaka);
Isixa sobhedu esongezwa kwizidlo eziphezulu zobhedu kufuneka zinyuswe nge-10% -15%.

3. Amanqaku aphambili olawulo lomgangatho
Khetha iimveliso ezinobunyulu be-≥ 98%, kunye nokungcola (njengezinyithi ezinzima) umxholo kufuneka uhambelane nomgangatho we-GB / T 27985;
Gcina kwindawo epholileyo neyomileyo, sebenzisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvula;
Nika ingqalelo kwibhalansi yemithombo ye-calcium kwisondlo, njengoko ukutya okugqithisileyo kunokuchaphazela ukufunxwa kweeminerali.

5. IiNdlela zoPhuhliso lwexesha elizayo
Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yezondlo ezichanekileyo, ukubunjwa okucothayo kunye neemveliso ze-microencapsulated ze-potassium diformate ziya kuba lukhokelo lophando kunye nophuhliso. Ngaphantsi kwendlela yokunciphisa ukunganyangeki kwe-antibiotic ekufuyweni kweenkukhu, ukudibanisa i-oligosaccharides esebenzayo kunye namalungiselelo e-enzyme kuya kuphucula ngakumbi ukuveliswa kwemveliso yeenkukhu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uphando lwamva nje lwe-China Academy of Agricultural Sciences ngo-2024 lufumene ukuba i-potassium ifomathi inokunyusa ukukhuseleka kwamathumbu ngokulawula indlela ye-TLR4 / NF - κ B, ebonelela ngesiseko esitsha sethiyori kuphuhliso olusebenzayo.

Uqheliselo lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa okusengqiqweni kwepotassium diformateinokunyusa izibonelelo ezibanzi zokufuya iinkukhu nge-8% -12%, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kuchatshazelwa yimiba efana nolawulo lokutya kunye nokwakheka kokutya okusisiseko.

Abalimi kufuneka baqhube imifuniselo ye-gradient esekelwe kwiimeko zabo ukuze bafumane esona sicwangciso sosetyenziso kwaye basebenzise ngokupheleleyo ixabiso lezoqoqosho kunye ne-ikholoji yesi songezo siluhlaza.