I-Betainesisongezelelo esibalulekileyo esisebenzayo ekukhuliseni izilwanyana zasemanzini, esisetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni izilwanyana zasemanzini ezifana neentlanzi kunye nee-shrimp ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo zeekhemikhali kunye nemisebenzi yomzimba.

I-Betaineinemisebenzi emininzi kwi-aquaculture, ingakumbi equka:

Ukutya okutsala umdla

Ukukhuthaza ukukhula

Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kokutya

Ukuphucula amajoni omzimba.

1. Ukutsala ukutya

• Iyaphucula umnqweno wokutya:

I-Betaine inencasa emnandi nentsha efana ne-amino acids, enokukhuthaza ngempumelelo ivumba kunye nencasa yezilwanyana zasemanzini, iphucule kakhulu ukutyeba kokutya, kwaye ikhuthaze ukutya.

• Ukufinyeza ixesha lokutya:

Ingakumbi ngexesha lobuntwana okanye uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo (njengobushushu obuphezulu, ioksijini ephantsi enyibilikisiweyo), i-betaine inokunceda izilwanyana ukuba ziqhelane nokutya ngokukhawuleza.

2. Khuthaza ukukhula

• Phucula ukusetyenziswa kokutya:

I-Betaine ikhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwee-enzymes zokugaya ukutya, iphucula ukugaya ukutya kunye nokufunxwa kwezondlo ezifana neeproteni namafutha, kwaye ikhawulezisa ukukhula.

• Ukugcinwa kweeproteni:

Njengomnikeli we-methyl, i-betaine ithatha inxaxheba kwi-metabolism emzimbeni, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwee-amino acid ezibalulekileyo (ezifana ne-methionine) kwaye inciphisa ngokungathanga ngqo iindleko zokutya.

3. Ukulawula i-osmotic

• Uxinzelelo lokumelana noxinzelelo lwetyuwa:

I-Betaine inokunceda iintlanzi kunye neeshrimp zigcine ibhalansi yoxinzelelo lwe-cell osmotic kwiindawo ezinetyuwa eninzi okanye ephantsi, zinciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuze kulawulwe i-osmotic, kwaye ziphucule amazinga okusinda.

• Nciphisa uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo:

I-Betaine inokuphucula ukunyamezela kwezilwanyana phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo ezifana nokutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu ngesiquphe kunye nokwehla komgangatho wamanzi.

4. Ukuphucula impilo yomzimba

• Khusela isibindi:

I-Betaineikhuthaza imetabolism yamafutha, inciphisa ukugcinwa kwamafutha esibindini, kwaye ithintela izifo zesondlo ezifana nesibindi esinamafutha.

• Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwamathumbu:

Gcina ukuthembeka kwe-mucosa yamathumbu, khuthaza ukukhula kweebhaktheriya eziluncedo, kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokudumba kwamathumbu.

5. I-Antioxidant kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo

• Ukususa ii-free radicals:

I-Betaine inomthamo othile we-antioxidant kwaye inokunciphisa umonakalo woxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kwiiseli.

• Nciphisa impendulo yoxinzelelo:

Ukongeza i-betaine ngexesha lokuthuthwa, ukuqokelelana, okanye ukuvela kwezifo kunokunciphisa ukunqandwa kokukhula okanye ukufa kwezilwanyana okubangelwa luxinzelelo.

6. Ukuphucula amajoni omzimba

• Ukuphucula iimpawu zokuzikhusela komzimba:

Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-betaine inokunyusa umsebenzi we-lysozyme kunye namanqanaba e-immunoglobulin egazini leentlanzi kunye nee-shrimp, nto leyo eyonyusa ukumelana kwazo nezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.

I-Betaine inokuphucula amandla omzimba okulwa nezifo zezilwanyana zasemanzini kwaye inciphise uxinezeleko.
Ukongeza i-betaine ekutyeni kwasemanzini kunokumelana ngempumelelo nemiphumo yokutshintsha ngesiquphe kobushushu kunye nomgangatho wamanzi kwizilwanyana zasemanzini, kuphucule amandla azo okuzikhusela komzimba kunye nokuphendula kuxinzelelo.
Umzekelo, ukongeza i-betaine kunokuphucula kakhulu izinga lokusinda kwee-eels kunye nomsebenzi weeproteases, ii-amylases, kunye nee-lipases kwisibindi kunye ne-pancreas.

 

7. Ukutshintsha ezinye ii-antibiotics

• Luhlaza kwaye lukhuselekile:

I-Betaine, njengekhompawundi yendalo, ayinangxaki yentsalela kwaye ingathatha indawo yee-antibiotics ngokuyinxenye ukukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokuthintela izifo, nto leyo ehambelana nomkhwa wokufuywa kwezilwanyana zasemanzini kwindalo.

• Ingcebiso yesicelo:

Umlinganiselo wokongeza: ngesiqhelo yi-0.1% -0.5% yokutya, okulungelelaniswe ngokweentlobo zokuzala, inqanaba lokukhula, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.

• Ukuhambelana:

Xa isetyenziswa kunye ne-choline, iivithamini, njl.njl., inokuphucula isiphumo.

 

Isishwankathelo:

I-Betaine ibe sisongezelelo esibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwezolimo zasemanzini ngokusebenzisa iziphumo ezininzi ezifana nokutsala ukutya, ukukhuthaza ukukhula, kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo.

Ingakumbi kwimeko yokufuywa kweentlanzi ngamandla kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo zokusingqongileyo, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwayo abanzi.