Abatsala amandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeDMTzinomtsalane ezitsha nezisebenzayo zezilwanyana zasemanzini. Kolu phononongo, abatsalayo bamandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeDMTzongezwa kwi-carp feed ukuphanda iziphumo zabatsali ababini kwi-carp feeding kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ukongezwa kwezinto ezikhangayo eziphezuluI-DMPTkwayeDMTkwisondlo kwandisa kakhulu ukuluma rhoqo intlanzi yovavanyo kwaye yaba nefuthe elibonakalayo lokutyisa; Ngexesha elifanayo, ukongezwa kweengxininiso ezahlukeneyo zabatsali bamandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeDMTukuya kwisondlo kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokufumana ubunzima, izinga lokukhula elithile, kunye nesantya sokusinda kweentlanzi zovavanyo, ngelixa i-coefficient yokutya iyancipha kakhulu. Iziphumo zophando nazo zibonisa ukubaI-DMPTkunempembelelo ebaluleke ngakumbi ekutsaleni nasekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwe-carp xa kuthelekiswaDMT.

Umtsalane wokutya kwezilwanyana zasemanzini sisongezo esingenasondlo. Ukongeza izinto ezinomtsalane ekutyiseni iintlanzi kunokukhuthaza ngokufanelekileyo ukutya kwazo, ukwandisa ukutya kwazo, ukunciphisa ukutya okushiyekileyo emanzini, kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuthomalalise ungcoliseko kumanzi ahlala emanzini.I-DMPTkwayeDMTzizinto ezisebenzayo ezikhoyo ngokubanzi kwizinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, zisebenza njengabanikeli be-methyl abasebenzayo kunye nokulawulwa koxinzelelo lwe-osmotic ebalulekileyo. Kananjalo banefuthe elibalulekileyo lokondla kunye nokukhula kwezilwanyana zasemanzini.

Emva kokuqhuba izifundo ezifanelekileyo kwizilwanyana zasemanzini ezifana ne-crucian carp, i-red snapper, i-goldfish, kunye ne-shrimp enamabala, abaphandi baseJapan bafumanisa ukuba.I-DMPTkwayeDMTzineziphumo ezintle ezinomtsalane kumanzi amatsha kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle, iicrustaceans, kunye noonokrwece. Ukongezwa kwezigxina ezisezantsi zabatsali bamandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeDMTkwisondlo kunokukukhawulezisa kakhulu ukondla kunye nokukhula kweentlanzi ezahlukeneyo zasemanzini kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle. Kulo mfuniselo, abatsalayo bamandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeDMTzongezwa kwi-carp feed ukufunda iziphumo zabo kwi-carp feed kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula, ukubonelela ngedatha yereferensi yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezi zitsali zimbini zintsha kwimveliso yokutya kunye ne-aquaculture.

1 Izixhobo kunye neendlela

1.1 Izinto zovavanyo kunye neentlanzi zovavanyo
S. S' - Dimethylacetic acid thiazole (DMT), DPT
Ikhaphu yovavanyo yathathwa kwifama yeaquaculture, enemizimba esempilweni kunye neenkcukacha ezicocekileyo. Phambi kokuba ulingo luqale ngokusesikweni, intlanzi yovavanyo iya kukhuliswa okwethutyana elabhoratri kangangeentsuku ezisi-7, apho ziya kuthi zondliwe ngekhaphu ifidi ebonelelwa ngumzi-mveliso wokutya.
1.2 Ukutya okulingwayo
1.2.1 Isondlo sovavanyo lwe-Lure: Gcoba i-carp feed enikezelwa ngumzi-mveliso wesondlo, yongeza umlinganiselo olinganayo we-A-starch, xuba ngokulinganayo, kwaye udibanise nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamanzi adiyiweyo ukwenza iibhola ezincangathi eziyi-5g nganye njengeqela lolawulo lokutya. Kwangaxeshanye, lungiselela ukutya kwe-bait kuqala ngokutyumza ukutya kwe-carp, ukongeza inani elilinganayo le-alpha starch, kwaye ungeze i-DMT kunye ne-bait.I-DMPTkwiindawo ezimbini ze-0.5g / kg kunye ne-1g / kg, ngokulandelanayo. Xuba ngokulinganayo kwaye udibanise nesixa esifanelekileyo samanzi adibeneyo ukwenza i-5g nganye yebhola encangathi.
1.2.2 Isondlo sovavanyo lokukhula:

Cwangcisa ukutya kwe-carp (ukusuka kumthombo ofanayo nongasentla) ube ngumgubo, uwugqithise ngesihluzo se-mesh engama-60, yongeza inani elilinganayo lesitatshi se-alpha, xuba ngokucokisekileyo, xuba namanzi adityanisiweyo, ukhame ukusuka kwisisefu ukuya kwiigranules, kwaye womise umoya ukuze ufumane ukutya kweqela lolawulo lovavanyo lokukhula. I-synthesizedDMTkunye neekristale ze-DMPT zachithwa kumanzi adibeneyo ukuze kulungiswe isisombululo sokugxininiswa okufanelekileyo, esasetyenziselwa ukuxuba i-carp feed exutywe ngokucokisekileyo kunye nesitashi kwiigranules. Emva kokumisa, ukutya kweqela lokulinga kwafunyanwa, ngeDMTkunye ne-DMPT yongezwa kwii-gradients ezintathu ze-0.1g / kg, 0.2g / kg, kunye ne-0.3g / kg, ngokulandelanayo.

1.3 Indlela yoVavanyo
1.3.1 Uvavanyo lwe-Lure: Khetha ii-carp ezi-5 zovavanyo (ezinobunzima obuyi-30g) njengentlanzi yovavanyo. Ngaphambi kovavanyo, yindlala iiyure ezingama-24, kwaye emva koko ubeke intlanzi yokuvavanya kwi-aquarium yeglasi (enobukhulu be-40 × 30 × 25cm). Isondlo sokutsala silungiswa kumgama oyi-5.0cm ukusuka ezantsi kwe-aquarium kusetyenziswa umgca onqunyanyisiweyo obotshelelwe kwibha ethe tye. Intlanzi iluma isithiyelo kwaye ingcangcazele umgca, othi udluliselwe kwindawo ethe tyaba ize irekhodwe ngesishicileli samavili. Ukuphindaphinda kokulunywa kwe-bait kubalwa ngokusekelwe kwi-vibration ephezulu yeentlanzi ezi-5 zovavanyo eziluma i-bait ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-2. Uvavanyo lokutyisa kwiqela ngalinye lokutya lwaluphindwa kathathu, kusetyenziswa iibhola ezincamathelayo ezondla ezisanda kulungiswa ngexesha ngalinye. Ngokuqhuba imifuniselo ephindaphindiweyo ukufumana inani elipheleleyo kunye ne-avareji frequency baiting, isiphumo ukondlaDMTkunye ne-DMPT kwi-carp inokuvavanywa.

1.3.2 Uvavanyo lokukhula lusebenzisa ii-aquariums zeglasi ezi-8 (ubukhulu be-55 × 45 × 50cm), ezinobunzulu bamanzi obuyi-40cm, ubushushu bendalo bamanzi, kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso okuqhubekayo. Intlanzi yokulinga yabelwa ngokungenamkhethe kwaye yahlulahlulwe yangamaqela amabini ovavanyo. Iqela lokuqala liqukethe ii-aquariums ezine, ezinenombolo ye-X1 (iqela lokulawula), i-X2 (0.1gDMT/kg feed), X3 (0.2gDMT/kg feed), X4 (0.3gDMT/kg feed); Elinye iqela le-4 ye-aquariums, inombolo Y1 (iqela lokulawula), i-Y2 (0.10g DMPT / kg feed), Y3 (0.2g DMPT / kg feed), Y4 (0.30g DMPT / kg feed). Iintlanzi ezingama-20 ngebhokisi, zondliwa ngamaxesha angama-3 ngosuku ngo-8:00, 13:00, no-17:00, kunye nesantya sokutya kwansuku zonke kwe-5-7% yobunzima bomzimba. Uvavanyo lwathatha iiveki ezi-6. Ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kovavanyo, ubunzima obumanzi bentlanzi yokuvavanya bulinganiswe kwaye izinga lokusinda kweqela ngalinye labhalwa.

2.1 Isiphumo sokutyisa se-DMPT kunyeDMTkwi-carp
Isiphumo sokutyisa se-DMPT kunyeDMTkwi-carp ibonakaliswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokuluma kweentlanzi zovavanyo ngexesha lovavanyo lwemizuzu emi-2, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiThebhile 1. Uvavanyo lufumene ukuba emva kokongeza i-DMPT kunye ne-DMT feed kwi-aquarium, intlanzi yokuhlola ngokukhawuleza yabonisa ukuziphatha okusebenzayo kokutya, ngelixa xa usebenzisa ukutya kweqela lokulawula, ukusabela kweentlanzi zovavanyo kwakucotha. Xa kuthelekiswa nesondlo solawulo, intlanzi yokulinga ibe nokwanda okubonakalayo kokuphinda kulume ukutya okulingwayo. I-DMT kunye ne-DMPT zineziphumo ezikhangayo ezibalulekileyo kwi-carp yovavanyo.

Izinga lokuzuza ubunzima, izinga elithile lokukhula, kunye nesantya sokusinda kwe-carp eyondliwe ngokugxininiswa okuhlukeneyo kwe-DMPT kwandiswe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezo zondliwa ngokutya kokulawula, ngelixa i-coefficient yokutya yancitshiswa kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, ukongezwa kwe-DMPT kwi-T2, T3, kunye ne-T4 kwandisa ubunzima bemihla ngemihla yamaqela amathathu ngo-52.94%, 78.43%, kunye ne-113.73%, ngokulandelanayo, xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokulawula. Izinga lokufumana ubunzima be-T2, T3, kunye ne-T4 landa ngo-60.44%, 73.85%, kunye ne-98.49%, ngokulandelanayo, kunye nezinga lokukhula elithile linyuke ngo-41.22%, 51.15%, kunye ne-60.31%, ngokulandelanayo. Amazinga okusinda anyuke ukusuka kwi-90% ukuya kwi-95%, kwaye i-feed coefficients yehla ngo-28.01%, 29.41%, kunye ne-33.05%, ngokulandelanayo.

3. Isiphelo

Kulo mfuniselo, nokubaDMTokanye i-DMPT yongezwa, i-frequency yokutya, izinga lokukhula elithile, kunye nokuzuza ubunzima bemihla ngemihla yeentlanzi zokulinga kwiqela ngalinye zanda kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokulawula, ngelixa i-coefficient feed yehla kakhulu. Kwaye nokuba ngaba i-DMT okanye i-DMPT, isiphumo sokukhuthaza ukukhula siba sibaluleke ngakumbi ngokunyuka kwenani elongezelelweyo kwi-concentrations ezintathu ze-0.1g / kg, 0.2g / kg, kunye ne-0.3g / kg. Ngexesha elifanayo, uthelekiso lokutya kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kweziphumo ze-DMT kunye ne-DMPT zenziwa. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba phantsi koxinzelelo olufanayo lweenwele, i-frequency feed, i-weight gain rate, kunye nezinga elithile lokukhula kweentlanzi zokulinga kwiqela le-DMPT feed yanda kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neqela le-DMT feed, ngelixa i-coefficient feed yancitshiswa kakhulu. Ngokubhekiselele ekuthetheni, i-DMPT inempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekutsaleni nasekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwe-carp xa kuthelekiswa ne-DMT. Olu vavanyo lusebenzise i-DMPT kunye ne-DMT yongezwa kwi-carp feed ukuphonononga ukutya kwabo kunye nemiphumo yokukhuthaza ukukhula. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-DMPT kunye ne-DMT zinethuba elibanzi lokusebenzisa njengesizukulwana esitsha sezilwanyana zasemanzini.