Izinto ezitsala amandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTzizinto ezintsha nezisebenzayo zokutsala izilwanyana zasemanzini. Kolu phononongo, izinto ezitsala kakhuluI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTzongezwa kwi-carp feed ukuphanda imiphumo yezi zinto zimbini zitsalayo ekutyeni ii-carp kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ukongezwa kwezi zinto zitsalayo ezinamandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTukutya kwandisa kakhulu ukutyiwa kweentlanzi ezivavanyiweyo kwaye kwaba nefuthe elikhulu lokutya; Kwangaxeshanye, ukongezwa kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ee-attractants ezinamandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTukutyela kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokutyeba, izinga lokukhula elithile, kunye nezinga lokusinda kweentlanzi ezivavanyiweyo, ngelixa i-coefficient yokutya yehla kakhulu. Iziphumo zophando zibonisa nokubaI-DMPTinefuthe elibaluleke ngakumbi ekutsaleni nasekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwe-carp xa kuthelekiswaI-DMT.

Isithako sokudla kwezilwanyana emanzini sisongezelelo esingenasondlo. Ukongeza izithako zokutya kwiintlanzi kunokukhuthaza ukutya kwazo ngempumelelo, kwandise ukutya kwazo, kunciphise ukutya okuseleyo emanzini, ngaloo ndlela kunciphise ungcoliseko kwiindawo zamanzi ezifuywayo.I-DMPTkwayeI-DMTZizinto ezisebenzayo ezikhoyo kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo zaselwandle, zisebenza njengabanikeli be-methyl abasebenzayo kunye nabalawuli ababalulekileyo boxinzelelo lwe-osmotic. Zikwanefuthe elikhulu lokondla nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwizilwanyana zasemanzini.

Emva kokwenza uphando olufanelekileyo kwizilwanyana zasemanzini ezifana ne-crucian carp, i-red snapper, i-goldfish, kunye ne-spotted shrimp, abaphandi baseJapan bafumanise ukubaI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTinefuthe elihle ekutsaleni iintlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo nezaselwandle, ii-crustaceans, kunye nee-shellfish. Ixhasa ubuninzi obuphantsi bezinto ezitsala amandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTekutyeni kunokukhawulezisa kakhulu ukondla nokukhula kweentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo nezaselwandle. Kolu vavanyo, izinto ezitsala amandla aphezuluI-DMPTkwayeI-DMTzongezwa kwi-carp feed ukuze kufundwe ngemiphumo yazo ekutyeni ii-carp kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula, zibonelela ngedatha yesalathiso yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezi zinto zimbini zintsha zitsalayo kumashishini okutya kunye nokufuya iintlanzi.

1 Izixhobo kunye neendlela

1.1 Izixhobo zovavanyo kunye neentlanzi zovavanyo
I-S. S' - I-Dimethylacetic acid thiazole (I-DMT), i-DMPT
Iintlanzi ezifuywayo ezithathwe kwifama yezilwanyana zasemanzini, ezinemizimba ephilileyo kunye neenkcukacha ezicocekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo luqale ngokusesikweni, iintlanzi ezifuywayo ziya kukhuliswa okwethutyana kwilabhoratri kangangeentsuku ezisi-7, apho ziya kondliwa ngokutya kweentlanzi ezifuywayo yifektri yokutya.
1.2 Isondlo sovavanyo
1.2.1 Ukutya kovavanyo lwe-Lure: Cwilisa ukutya kwe-carp okubonelelwa ngumzi-mveliso wezondlo, yongeza inani elilinganayo le-A-starch, xuba ngokulinganayo, kwaye udibanise nenani elifanelekileyo lamanzi acocekileyo ukuze wenze iibhola ezinamathelayo ze-5g nganye njengesidlo seqela lolawulo. Kwangaxeshanye, lungisa ukutya kwe-bait ngokuqala ngokutyumza ukutya kwe-carp, wongeze inani elilinganayo le-alpha starch, kwaye wongeze i-bait DMT kunyeI-DMPTkumanqanaba amabini e-0.5g/kg kunye ne-1g/kg, ngokulandelelana. Xuba ngokulinganayo uze udibanise nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wamanzi acocekileyo ukuze wenze ibhola nganye ye-5g incamathele.
1.2.2 Ukutya kovavanyo lokukhula:

Cwilisa ukutya kwe-carp (okuvela kumthombo ofanayo nongasentla) kube ngumgubo, ukudlulise kwisihluzo se-60 mesh, yongeza inani elilinganayo le-alpha starch, udibanise kakuhle, udibanise namanzi acocekileyo, ucinezele kwisihluzo ube ziigranules, uze womise ngomoya ukuze ufumane ukutya kweqela lolawulo lovavanyo lokukhula.I-DMTkunye neekristale ze-DMPT zanyibilika emanzini acocekileyo ukulungiselela isisombululo soxinzelelo olufanelekileyo, esasetyenziselwa ukuxuba ukutya kwe-carp kunye nesitatshi esixutywe kakuhle sibe ziigranules. Emva kokomiswa, ukutya kweqela lovavanyo kwafunyanwa, kunyeI-DMTkwaye i-DMPT yongezwe kwii-gradients ezintathu ze-concentration ze-0.1g/kg, 0.2g/kg, kunye ne-0.3g/kg, ngokulandelanayo.

1.3 Indlela yoVavanyo
1.3.1 Uvavanyo lwe-Lure: Khetha ii-carp ezi-5 zovavanyo (ezinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-30g) njengentlanzi yovavanyo. Ngaphambi kovavanyo, yilambe iiyure ezingama-24, uze ubeke intlanzi yovavanyo kwi-aquarium yeglasi (enobukhulu obuyi-40 × 30 × 25cm). Ukutya kwe-lure kuqiniswe kumgama we-5.0cm ukusuka ezantsi kwe-aquarium usebenzisa umgca oxhonyiweyo obotshelelwe kwi-bar ethe tye. Intlanzi iluma i-bait kwaye ingcangcazelise umgca, odluliselwa kwi-bar ethe tye kwaye urekhodwe yi-wheel recorder. Ubuninzi bokulunywa kwe-bait bubalwa ngokusekelwe ekungcangcazeleni okuphezulu kweentlanzi ezi-5 zovavanyo eziluma i-bait ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-2. Uvavanyo lokutya lweqela ngalinye lokutya luphindwe kathathu, kusetyenziswa iibhola zokuncamathelisa zokutya ezisandula ukulungiswa ngalo lonke ixesha. Ngokwenza uvavanyo oluphindaphindiweyo ukufumana inani lilonke kunye nobuninzi bokulunywa kwe-bait, isiphumo sokondla seI-DMTkwaye i-DMPT kwi-carp inokuvavanywa.

1.3.2 Uvavanyo lokukhula lusebenzisa ii-aquariums zeglasi ezisi-8 (ubukhulu obuyi-55 × 45 × 50cm), ezinobunzulu bamanzi obuyi-40cm, ubushushu bamanzi bendalo, kunye nokunyuka okuqhubekayo. Iintlanzi zovavanyo zabelwa ngokungacwangciswanga zaza zahlulwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini kuvavanyo. Iqela lokuqala liqulathe ii-aquariums ezine, ezibhalwe i-X1 (iqela lolawulo), i-X2 (0.1gDMT/kg feed), i-X3 (0.2gDMT/kg feed), i-X4 (0.3gDMT/kg feed); Elinye iqela lee-aquariums ezi-4, ezibhalwe i-Y1 (iqela lolawulo), i-Y2 (0.10g DMPT/kg feed), i-Y3 (0.2g DMPT/kg feed), i-Y4 (0.30g DMPT/kg feed). Iintlanzi ezingama-20 kwibhokisi nganye, zondliwa amaxesha ama-3 ngemini ngo-8:00, 13:00, kunye ne-17:00, kunye nesantya sokondla semihla ngemihla esingu-5-7% wobunzima bomzimba. Uvavanyo luthathe iiveki ezi-6. Ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kovavanyo, ubunzima obumanzi bentlanzi yovavanyo bulinganisiwe kwaye izinga lokusinda kweqela ngalinye lirekhodwe.

2.1 Isiphumo sokondla se-DMPT kunyeI-DMTkwi-carp
Isiphumo sokondla se-DMPT kunyeI-DMTkwi-carp kubonakaliswa kukuluma rhoqo kweentlanzi ezivavanywayo ngexesha lovavanyo lwemizuzu emi-2, njengoko kubonisiwe kwiTheyibhile 1. Olu vavanyo lufumanise ukuba emva kokongeza ukutya kwe-DMPT kunye ne-DMT kwi-aquarium, iintlanzi ezivavanywayo zabonisa ngokukhawuleza indlela yokusebenza ngokufuna ukutya, ngelixa xa kusetyenziswa ukutya kweqela lolawulo, impendulo yeentlanzi ezivavanywayo yayicotha kakhulu. Xa kuthelekiswa nokutya kolawulo, iintlanzi ezivavanywayo zanda kakhulu kukuphindaphinda kokuluma ukutya kovavanyo. I-DMT kunye ne-DMPT zineziphumo ezinomtsalane kwi-carp yovavanyo.

Izinga lokutyeba, izinga lokukhula elithile, kunye nezinga lokusinda kwe-carp eyondliwe nge-DMPT eyahlukeneyo yoxinaniso lwandisiwe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezo zondliwe ngokutya okulawulekayo, ngelixa i-coefficient yokutya yehlisiwe kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo, ukongezwa kwe-DMPT kwi-T2, T3, kunye ne-T4 kwandisa ukutyeba kwemihla ngemihla kwamaqela amathathu nge-52.94%, 78.43%, kunye ne-113.73%, ngokwahlukeneyo, xa kuthelekiswa neqela elilawulayo. Izinga lokutyeba le-T2, T3, kunye ne-T4 lonyuke nge-60.44%, 73.85%, kunye ne-98.49%, ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye amazinga okukhula athile anyuke nge-41.22%, 51.15%, kunye ne-60.31%, ngokwahlukeneyo. Izinga lokusinda lonyuke ukusuka kwi-90% ukuya kwi-95%, kwaye ii-coefficients zokutya zehla nge-28.01%, 29.41%, kunye ne-33.05%, ngokwahlukeneyo.

3. Isiphelo

Kolu vavanyo, ingabaI-DMTokanye kongezwe i-DMPT, isantya sokondla, isantya sokukhula esithile, kunye nokunyuka kobunzima bemihla ngemihla kweentlanzi ezivavanyiweyo kwiqela ngalinye kwandiswe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neqela lolawulo, ngelixa i-coefficient yokondla yehla kakhulu. Nokuba yi-DMT okanye i-DMPT, isiphumo sokukhuthaza ukukhula siba sikhulu ngakumbi ngokunyuka kwesixa sokondla kwiingxinano ezintathu ze-0.1g/kg, 0.2g/kg, kunye ne-0.3g/kg. Kwangaxeshanye, kwenziwa uthelekiso lweziphumo zokukhuthaza ukondla kunye nokukhula kwe-DMT kunye ne-DMPT. Kwafunyaniswa ukuba phantsi koxinzelelo olufanayo lokucheba iinwele, isantya sokondla, isantya sokunyuka kobunzima, kunye nesantya sokukhula esithile kweentlanzi ezivavanyiweyo kwiqela lokutya le-DMPT zandiswe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokutya le-DMT, ngelixa i-coefficient yokondla yancitshiswa kakhulu. Ngokuthe ngqo, i-DMPT inefuthe elibaluleke ngakumbi ekutsaleni nasekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwe-carp xa kuthelekiswa ne-DMT. Olu vavanyo lusebenzise i-DMPT kunye ne-DMT ezongezwe kwi-carp feed ukuze kuhlolwe iziphumo zazo zokukhuthaza ukondla kunye nokukhula. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-DMPT kunye ne-DMT zinamathuba amaninzi okusetyenziswa njengesizukulwana esitsha sezilwanyana zasemanzini ezitsalayo.