I-L-carnitine, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-vitamin BT, sisondlo esifana ne-vitamin esifumaneka kwizilwanyana ngokwendalo. Kwishishini lokutya, ibisetyenziswa kakhulu njengesongezelelo esibalulekileyo sokutya kangangamashumi eminyaka. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukusebenza njenge "sithuthi sothutho," ukuhambisa ii-fatty acids ezinde kwi-mitochondria ukuze zinyibilike kwaye zibole, ngaloo ndlela zivelise amandla.

Ezi zilandelayo zezona zicelo ziphambili kunye neendima ze-L-carnitine kwizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zokutya:

1. Isicelo kwiukutya kwemfuyo kunye neenkukhu.

• Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kokukhula kokutya kweehagu: Ukongeza i-L-carnitine ekutyeni kwamantshontsho eehagu kunye nokukhulisa nokutyebisa iihagu kunokunyusa ukutyeba kwemihla ngemihla kunye nesantya sokuguqulwa kokutya. Kugcina iproteni ngokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha, okwenza izilwanyana zikhule zibe ncinci kwaye zibe nomgangatho wenyama ongcono.
• Ukuphucula ukusebenza kokuzala kweemazi: Iimazi ezibekelwe bucala: ukukhuthaza i-estrus kunye nokwandisa izinga lokukhutshwa kwamaqanda. Iimazi ezikhulelweyo nezincancisayo: zinceda ekulawuleni amafutha omzimba, zinciphise ukwehla kobunzima ngexesha lokuncancisa, zinyuse imveliso yobisi, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ubunzima bokulunyulwa kwamantshontsho eengulube kunye nezinga lokusinda. Kwangaxeshanye, inceda ukunciphisa ixesha lokukhululwa kwamaqanda emva kokuncancisa.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo: Phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo ezifana nokulunyulwa, ukulunyulwa, kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, i-L-carnitine inokunceda izilwanyana ukuba zisebenzise amandla ngokufanelekileyo, zigcine impilo kunye nemveliso.

2. Ukutya kweenkukhu (iinkukhu, amadada, njl.njl.)iinkukhu zenyama/amadada enyama:

• Iphucula ukutyeba kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutya: ikhuthaza imetabolism yamafutha, inciphisa ukugcinwa kwamafutha esiswini, inyusa ipesenti yemisipha yesifuba kunye nemveliso yemisipha yemilenze.
• Ukuphucula umgangatho wenyama: ukunciphisa amafutha kunye nokwandisa umxholo weproteni. Iinkukhu/iinkukhu ezibeka amaqanda: ukwandisa izinga lokuvelisa amaqanda: ukunika amandla angakumbi okukhulisa i-follicle.
• Ukuphucula umgangatho wamaqanda: kunokunyusa ubunzima bamaqanda kwaye kuphucule ukuchumisa kunye namazinga okuqandusela kwamaqanda aqanduselayo.

Ⅱ Ukufakwa kokutya kwasemanzini:

Isiphumo sokusetyenziswa kwe-L-carnitine ekukhuliseni iintlanzi zasemanzini sibaluleke kakhulu, njengoko iintlanzi (ingakumbi iintlanzi ezitya inyama) zixhomekeke kakhulu kumafutha kunye neeproteni njengemithombo yamandla.

Khuthaza ukukhula: kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokukhula kunye nokwanda kobunzima beentlanzi kunye nee-shrimp.

• Ukuphucula imo yomzimba kunye nomgangatho wenyama: ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa kweproteni, ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha emzimbeni nasesibindini, ukwenza iintlanzi zibe nemo yomzimba engcono, isivuno senyama esiphezulu, kunye nokuthintela ngempumelelo isibindi esinamafutha anesondlo.
• Ukonga iiproteni: Ngokusebenzisa amafutha ngokufanelekileyo ekunikezeni amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweeproteni ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa amanqanaba eeproteni zokutya kunye nokonga iindleko.
• Ukuphucula ukusebenza kokuzala: Ukuphucula uphuhliso lwe-gonadal kunye nomgangatho wesidoda seentlanzi ezizalayo.

Ⅲ. Isicelo kwisondlo sezilwanyana zasekhaya

• Ukulawula ubunzima: Kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ezityebileyo, i-L-carnitine inokubanceda batshise amafutha ngempumelelo kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kwiindlela zokutya zokunciphisa ubunzima.
• Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo: IiCardiomyocytes zixhomekeke kakhulu kwii-fatty acids ukuze zifumane amandla, kwaye i-L-carnitine ibalulekile ekugcineni impilo yentliziyo kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu njengonyango oluncedisayo kwi-dilated cardiomyopathy ezinjeni.
• Ukuphucula ukunyamezela umthambo: Kwiinja ezisebenzayo, izinja ezibalekayo, okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya ezisebenzayo, kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo kwezemidlalo kunye nokumelana nokudinwa.
• Ukuxhasa impilo yesibindi: khuthaza imetabolism yamafutha esibindi kwaye uthintele ukugcinwa kwamafutha esibindi.

Ⅳ. Isishwankathelo sendlela yokusebenza:

• Isiseko semetabolism yamandla: njengomthwali, ithutha ii-fatty acids ezineekhonkco ezinde ukusuka kwi-cytoplasm ukuya kwi-mitochondrial matrix ukuze i-beta oxidation, eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuguqulweni kwamafutha abe ngamandla.

• Ukulungisa umlinganiselo weCoA/acetyl CoA kwi-mitochondria: kunceda ukuphelisa amaqela e-acetyl angaphezulu aveliswa ngexesha leenkqubo ze-metabolic kunye nokugcina umsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-mitochondrial metabolic.

• Impembelelo yokonga iiproteni: Xa amafutha engasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, iiproteni zingasetyenziswa ngakumbi ekukhuleni kwezihlunu nasekulungiseni izicubu, endaweni yokuba zichithwe ukuze kufumaneke amandla.

Ⅴ. Yongeza amanyathelo okhuseleko:

• Isixa sokongezwa: Uyilo oluchanekileyo lufuneka ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo zezilwanyana, inqanaba lokukhula, imeko yomzimba, kunye neenjongo zemveliso, kwaye hayi ukuba zininzi, kokukhona zingcono. Isixa esongeziweyo esiqhelekileyo siphakathi kwama-50-500 grams ngetoni nganye yokutya.

• Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko: I-L-carnitine sisongezelelo esibiza kakhulu, ngoko ke imbuyekezo yayo yezoqoqosho kwiinkqubo ezithile zemveliso kufuneka ihlolwe.

• Ukusebenzisana nezinye izondlo: Inefuthe lokusebenzisana ne-betaine, i-choline, iivithamini ezithile, njl.njl., kwaye inokuqwalaselwa kunye kuyilo lwefomula.

Ⅵ. Isiphelo:

• I-L-carnitine sisongezelelo sokondla esikhuselekileyo nesisebenzayo. Idlala indima engenakutshintshwa ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwanyana, ukuphucula umgangatho wezidumbu, ukuphucula amandla okuzala, kunye nokugcina impilo ngokuphucula imetabolism yamandla.

• Kwindlela yanamhlanje yokulima iintlanzi ezimanzi ngendlela ebanzi nesebenzayo, ukusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kwe-L-carnitine yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokufumana izondlo ezichanekileyo nokunciphisa iindleko ngelixa kwandiswa ukusebenza kakuhle.

I-Trimethylamine hydrochlorideIsetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-alkaline reagent kwi-quaternization reaction ye-L-carnitine synthesis, ukulungisa ixabiso le-pH yenkqubo yokusabela, ukukhuthaza ukwahlukana kwe-epichlorohydrin, kunye nokwenza lula impendulo elandelayo ye-cyanide.

Indima kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezinto:
Uhlengahlengiso lwe-PH: Ngexesha lesigaba sokusabela kwe-quaternization,i-trimethylamine hydrochlorideikhupha iimolekyuli ze-ammonia ukuze inciphise izinto ezine-asidi eziveliswa yi-reaction, igcina uzinzo lwe-pH yenkqubo kwaye ithintele izinto ezine-alkaline eninzi ekuchaphazeleni ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-reaction.
Ukukhuthaza isisombululo: Njenge-reagent ye-alkaline, i-trimethylamine hydrochloride inokukhawulezisa isisombululo se-enantiomeric se-epichlorohydrin kwaye yonyuse isivuno semveliso ekujoliswe kuyo i-L-carnitine.

Ngokulawula iimveliso ezingasemva: Ngokulungisa iimeko zokusabela, ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezingasemva ezifana ne-L-carnitine kuyancitshiswa, okwenza kube lula amanyathelo okucoca alandelayo.