Potassium diformate, njengesongezo esitsha sokutya, ibonise amandla okusebenza abalulekileyo kwiishishini lasemanzinikule minyaka yangoku. I-antibacterial yayo ekhethekileyo, ukukhuthaza ukukhula, kunye nemiphumo yokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi yenza ukuba ibe yinto efanelekileyo kwi-antibiotics.

1. Iimpembelelo ze-Antibacterial kunye noThintelo lweZifo
Inkqubo ye-antibacterial yepotassium diformateikakhulu ixhomekeke kwi-asidi ye-formic kunye ne-formate ions ekhutshwe kwindlela yokwetyisa yesilwanyana. Uphando lubonisa ukuba xa i-pH ingaphantsi kwe-4.5, i-potassium diformate inokukhulula i-molecule ye-asidi ye-formic kunye nemiphumo enamandla ye-bactericidal. Le propati ibonisa imiphumo ebalulekileyo yokuthintela kwiibhaktheriya eziqhelekileyo ze-pathogenic kwizilwanyana zasemanzini, ezifana ne-Aeromonas hydrophila kunye ne-Edwardsiella. Ngokomzekelo, kuvavanyo lokufuya i-shrimp emhlophe kwi-Pacific, ukongeza i-0.6% yefomati ye-potassium ukondla amanqanaba okusinda kwe-shrimp nge-12% ukuya kwi-15% ngelixa kunciphisa izehlo zokudumba kwamathumbu malunga ne-30%. Ngokucacileyo, ukusebenza kwe-antibacterial ye-potassium diformate kuxhomekeke kwithamo, kodwa ukongezwa okugqithisileyo kunokuchaphazela ukuthandeka. Idosi ecetyiswayo ngokubanzi isuka kwi-0.5% ukuya kwi-1.2%.

2. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokuguqulwa kwesondlo
Potassium diformateiphucula ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwanyana zasemanzini ngeendlela ezininzi:
-Ukunciphisa ixabiso le-pH yendlela yokugaya, sebenzisa i-pepsinogen, kwaye uphucule izinga lokugaya iprotheni (idatha yokuhlola ibonisa ukuba inokunyuka nge-8% -10%);
-Ukunqanda iibhaktheriya ezinobungozi, ukukhuthaza ukwanda kweebhaktheriya ezinenzuzo ezifana ne-lactic acid bacteria, kunye nokuphucula ibhalansi ye-intestinal microbiota;
-Ukuphucula ukufunxa kweeminerali, ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezinto ezifana ne-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus. Kwifama ye-carp, ukongeza i-1% ye-potassium diformate inokunyusa ukufumana ubunzima bemihla ngemihla nge-6.8% kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutya nge-0.15%. Uvavanyo lwe-aquaculture ye-shrimp emhlophe yaseMzantsi Melika iphinde yabonisa ukuba iqela lokulinga libe nokwanda kwe-11.3% kwinqanaba lokufumana ubunzima xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokulawula.

3. Umsebenzi wokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi
Iimveliso zokuphela kwe-metabolic ye-potassium diformate yi-carbon dioxide kunye namanzi, angahlali kwindawo ye-aquaculture. Umphumo wayo we-antibacterial unokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweebhaktheriya ze-pathogenic kwi-feces, ukunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuxinwa kwe-ammonia nitrogen (NH ∝ - N) kunye ne-nitrite (NO ₂⁻) emanzini. Uphando lubonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium diformate feed kumachibi e-aquaculture kunciphisa umthamo wenitrogen uwonke emanzini nge-18% -22% xa kuthelekiswa neqela eliqhelekileyo, elibaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokuxinana okuphezulu kwe-aquaculture.

4. Uvavanyo lokhuseleko lwesicelo
1. Ukhuseleko lwe-Toxicological
I-Potassium diformate idweliswe njenge "residue free" feed additives yi-European Union (inombolo yobhaliso ye-EU E236). Uvavanyo lwetyhefu ebukhali lubonise ukuba i-LD50 yayo yokuloba ingaphezulu kwe-5000 mg/kg ubunzima bomzimba, into leyo engeyotyhefu. Kwiintsuku ezingama-90 zovavanyo lwe-subchronic, ingca ye-carp feeded feed ene-1.5% ye-potassium diformate (i-3 amaxesha e-dose ecetyiswayo) ngaphandle kwesibindi okanye ukungasebenzi kwezintso okanye utshintsho lwe-histopathological. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho ukungafani kokunyamezela kwezilwanyana zasemanzini ezahlukahlukeneyo kwi-potassium diformate, kwaye i-crustaceans (efana ne-shrimp) idla ngokuba nokunyamezela okuphezulu kuneentlanzi.

2. Iintsalela zentlangano kunye neendlela ze-metabolic
Uphononongo lokulandela umkhondo weRadioisotope lubonise ukuba i-potassium diformate inokuthi ifakwe ngokupheleleyo kwiintlanzi kwiiyure ezingama-24, kwaye akukho ntsalela yeprototype inokufunyanwa kwizihlunu. Inkqubo yayo ye-metabolic ayivelisi i-intermediates enetyhefu kwaye ihlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko lokutya.

3. Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo
I-Potassium diformate inokonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yendalo kunye nesiqingatha sobomi malunga neeyure ezingama-48 (ngama-25 ℃). Uvavanyo lomngcipheko we-ikholoji lubonisa ukuba akukho mpembelelo ibalulekileyo kwizityalo zasemanzini (ezifana ne-Elodea) kunye neplankton phantsi kogxininiso losetyenziso oluqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwiindawo ezithambileyo zamanzi (ubunzima obupheleleyo<50 mg / L), i-dosage kufuneka incitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukuguquguquka kwe-pH.

4. Isicwangciso sokusetyenziswa kwamaxesha athile
Kucetyiswa ukuyisebenzisa kwezi meko zilandelayo:
-Ixesha lobushushu obuphezulu (ubushushu bamanzi>28 ℃) lixesha elisemngciphekweni omkhulu wezifo;
-Xa umthamo wamanzi uphezulu kumbindi kunye nakwizigaba zamva zokufuya emanzini;
-Ngexesha loxinzelelo olufana nokudlulisa izithole emachibini okanye ukwahlulahlula kumadama.

Potassium diformate, kunye nemisebenzi yayo emininzi kunye nokhuseleko, ilungisa ngokutsha inkqubo yokuthintela kunye nokulawula isifo kwi-aquaculture.

Kwixesha elizayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa intsebenziswano yophando lweyunivesithi yoshishino, ukuphucula imigangatho yeteknoloji yesicelo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukusekwa kwesisombululo esipheleleyo senkqubo ukusuka kwimveliso yokutya ukuya kwii-terminals ze-aquaculture, ukuze le additive eluhlaza inokudlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lwezilwanyana zasemanzini kunye nokukhusela izilwanyana zasemanzini.ukukhuthazaUphuhliso oluphathekayo.