Ukuqotywa kweenkunilikhonkco eliyimfuneko ekukhuleni kwezilwanyana ezibizwa ngokuba ziicrustacean. I-Penaeus vannamei kufuneka inyibilike amaxesha amaninzi ebomini bayo ukuze ifikelele kumgangatho wokukhula komzimba.

Ⅰ, Ukunyibilika kwemithetho kaPenaeus vannamei

Umzimba wePenaeus vannamei kufuneka unyibilike rhoqo ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokukhula. Xa ubushushu bamanzi bungama-28 ℃, ii-shrimps ezincinci zinyibilika kanye emva kweeyure ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-40; Ii-shrimps ezincinci zinobunzima obuyi-1 ~ 5g zinyibilika kanye emva kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6; Ii-prawns ezingaphezulu kwe-15g zihlala zinyibilika kanye emva kweeveki ezi-2.

Ⅱ, Uhlalutyo lweempawu ezininzi kunye nezizathu zokubola

1. Iimpawu ezininzi zexesha lokubola

Iqokobhe le-shrimp liqinile kakhulu, elaziwa ngokuba yi-"iron skin shrimp". Inesisu esingenanto okanye isisu esisele. Ayikwazi ukubona kakuhle indlela yamathumbu, umbala womzimba unzulu, kwaye umbala otyheli uyanda kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, omabini amacala e-operculum amnyama, abomvu natyheli, imicu yegill idumbile, imhlophe, ityheli namnyama, kwaye amanyathelo kunye neenyawo zigqunywe ngamabala abomvu. Umphandle we-hepatopancreas ucacile, awudumbile okanye awubonakali, kwaye umphandle wendawo yentliziyo awucacanga kwaye utyheli udaka.

2. Iishrimp zihlala zine-ciliates ezininzi

Iqokobhe le-shrimp lulusu olunezintlu ezimbini, olunokususwa ngokulujika ulusu kancinci. Ulusu lubuthathaka kakhulu, olwaziwa ngokuba yi-"double skin shrimp" okanye "Crispy Shrimp". Lubhityile, lune-melanin eninzi kumphezulu womzimba, ludumba kwaye lubangela izilonda kwi-gill filaments, uninzi lwazo lutyheli kwaye lumnyama. Amathumbu nesisu azinanto, amandla abuthathaka. Lulele ecaleni kwechibi okanye luzulazula emanzini, lubonisa iimpawu ze-hypoxia. Lunovelwano kutshintsho lwendalo, lunotshintsho oluncinci kunye nokwanda okukhulu kokufa.

3. Inkqubo yokunyibilika okugudileyo inokwahlulwahlulwa ngokwezigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo:

1) Ngaphambi kokubola, kubhekisa kwixesha eliqala ekupheleni kokubola kokugqibela ukuya ekuqaleni kokubola okulandelayo. Ixesha liyahluka ngokobude bomzimba, ngokubanzi phakathi kweentsuku ezili-12 kunye ne-15. Ngeli xesha, iPenaeus vannamei yayiqokelela isondlo, ngakumbi i-calcium.

2) Ukubola, imizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu engaphezu kweshumi. Ukubola kudla amandla amaninzi. Ukuba ii-shrimp zibuthathaka okanye azinazo izondlo emzimbeni, zihlala zibola ngokupheleleyo kwaye zenze iqokobhe elinomgangatho ophindwe kabini.

3) Emva kokunyibilika, kubhekisa kwixesha apho ulusu olutsha lutshintsha ukusuka ekubeni thambileyo ukuya ekubeni lukhuni, kwaye ixesha limalunga neentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-1.5 (ngaphandle kwezithole ze-shrimp). Emva kokuba igobolondo elidala lisusiwe, igobolondo elitsha alinakuba ne-calcification ngexesha, ngaloo ndlela lenza "i-shrimp ethambileyo".

4. Ukuwohloka komgangatho wamanzi kunye nokungabikho kwesondlo zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela esi sifo

Ukonakala komgangatho wamanzi kudla ngokuvela emachibini anombala wamanzi otyebileyo kakhulu, kwaye ukucaca kwawo kuphantse kube zero. Kukho iifilimu zeoyile kunye nenani elikhulu le-algae efileyo phezu kwamanzi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kukho ukuqhuma kwevumba leentlanzi phezu kwamanzi. Ngeli xesha, i-algae iyanda ngamanani amakhulu, kwaye i-oksijini enyibilikisiweyo phezu kwamanzi igcwele kakhulu emini; Ebusuku, inani elikhulu le-algae liba yinto edla i-oksijini, nto leyo ebangela i-oksijini enyibilikisiweyo ephantsi ezantsi kwechibi, nto leyo echaphazela ukutya kwe-shrimp kunye nokunyibilika kwayo. Kangangexesha elide, iqokobhe liqinile kakhulu.

5. Ukuguquka kwemozulu kunye netyhefu yangaphandle kunokubangela ukubola okungaqhelekanga kwe-shrimp, nto leyo ekwayimbangela yokwakheka kwe-"double skin shrimp" kunye ne-"soft shell shrimp".

Ⅲ, Ukubaluleka kweukongeza i-calciumngexesha lokunyibilika kwePenaeus vannamei:

Ikhalsiyam egcinwe emzimbeni we-shrimp ilahleka kakhulu. Ukuba ihlabathi langaphandle alincediswa ngexesha, iPenaeus vannamei ayinakukwazi ukufunxa ikhalsiyam enikwa ngumzimba wamanzi, nto leyo ebangela ukungaphumeleli kokufuma kwe-shrimp. Ixesha leqokobhe eliqinileyo emva kokufuma lide kakhulu. Ukuba ihlaselwa yibhaktheriya okanye ixinezelekile ngeli xesha, kulula kakhulu ukufa ngamaqela. Ke ngoko, kufuneka songeze ikhalsiyam emzimbeni wamanzi ngeendlela zokwenziwa. I-shrimp inokufunxa ikhalsiyam kunye namandla emzimbeni wamanzi ngokuphefumla kunye nokungena emzimbeni.

I-Potassium diformate +i-calcium propionateUkunceda ukubulala iintsholongwane emanzini kunye ne-calcium supplement ayinakunceda i-penaeus vannamei ukuba inyibilike kakuhle, kodwa ikwathintela iintsholongwane kwaye imelane noxinzelelo, ngaloo ndlela iphucula iingenelo zokulima ii-shrimp.