Ukutya yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuze ihagu itye kakuhle. Yindlela efunekayo yokongeza isondlo sehagu nokuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso, kwaye ikwayiteknoloji esasazeke kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Ngokubanzi, umlinganiselo wezongezo zokutya ekutyeni awuyi kudlula i-4%, nto leyo iphezulu, kwaye iindleko zokunyusa ziya kunyuka ngokungathandabuzekiyo, nto leyo engafanelekanga kubalimi.

Umbuzo woku-1: Kutheni iihagu zifuna izongezo zokutya nezondlo ngoku?

Amafutha ehagu, isitshixo kukutya utye uzele, utye kakuhle.

UQiao Shiyan, uprofesa kwiYunivesithi yezoLimo yaseTshayina, uthe ukutya yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuze iihagu zitye kakuhle.izongezo zokutyazizinto ezisisiseko kunye nesiqinisekiso sobugcisa seshishini leehagu lanamhlanje, amanyathelo afunekayo okongeza isondlo seehagu kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso, kunye netekhnoloji ekhuthazwa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Itekhnoloji yokufuya, ukusetyenziswa kokutya, umjikelo wokufuya, ubunzima beehagu, umgangatho wenyama kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso zaseTshayina ngokusisiseko ziyafana nezo zase-United States, eJamani, eDenmark nakwamanye amazwe amakhulu eehagu, Ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemigangatho yorhwebo lokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.

Izongezo zokutya, eziqukaizongezo zesondlo, izongezo ngokubanzi kunyeizongezo zamachiza, zinefuthe elincinci ekutyeni. Ukutya okukodwa kwendabuko kunokusombulula kuphela ingxaki "yokuhlutha" kweehagu, kwaye izongezo zesondlo ikakhulu zii-amino acids kunye neevithamini zezinga lokutya, nto leyo ethetha ukusombulula ingxaki "yokutya kakuhle" kweehagu. Ukongeza isixa esifanelekileyo sezongezo zamayeza ekutyeni kunokuthintela nokulawula ngempumelelo izifo eziqhelekileyo nezininzi zeehagu. Ngokusebenzisa ixesha lokurhoxiswa kwamayeza kwinqanaba lokutya, iintsalela zamayeza kwihagu zinokulawulwa kuluhlu olungenabungozi. Ukongeza ii-antioxidants kunye nezinye izongezo ngokubanzi ekutyeni, uninzi lwazo ziqhelekile kwimveliso yokutya, zezodidi lokutya, kwaye azinabungozi ekukhuleni kweehagu okanye kumgangatho wehagu.

Urhulumente uyakwalela ngokucacileyo ukongeza i-phenobarbital kunye nezinye iziyobisi zokuthomalalisa i-hypnotic kunye ne-anticonvulsant ekutyeni. Akunyanzelekanga ukongeza iipilisi zokulala ukuze iihagu zilale ngakumbi, zihambe kancinci kwaye zityebe ngokukhawuleza, kuba umsebenzi weehagu ezivalelweyo mncinane kakhulu, ngoko ke akufuneki amayeza okuthomalalisa. I-Urea, i-Arsenic Preparation kunye ne-copper zivumelekile ukuba zongezwe ekutyeni, kodwa zonke zinemiqathango efanelekileyo kwaye akufuneki zisetyenziswe ngokuthanda kwazo. I-Urea luhlobo lwesichumisi esine-nitrogen eninzi. Ukuba inani elincinci le-urea lisetyenziswa kwizilwanyana ezitya inyama ezifana neenkomo neegusha, linokonakaliswa yi-urease ekhutshwa ziintsholongwane ze-rumen zezilwanyana ezitya inyama, kwaye emva koko linokufunxwa kwaye ligaywe ngokwenza iproteni. Iihagu azina-rumen konke konke, ngoko ke kunzima ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen kwi-urea. Ukuba idosi inkulu kakhulu, iya kukhokelela ekutyhefweni nasekufeni kweehagu. Ngokuphathelele isiphumo sokongeza i-copper, ukongeza kuphela inani elifanelekileyo le-copper ekutyeni okunokukhuthaza ukukhula kweehagu. Umgangatho othile wokongeza ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bekopolo kukuba ubungakanani bekopolo eyongeziweyo kwi-1000 kg yokutya akufuneki idlule kwi-200 g.

Umbuzo 2: Iihagu zingakhula njani zibe yi-200-300 Jin emva kweenyanga ezi-6?

Umgangatho kunye nobungakanani beehagu, ukufuywa ngokwesayensi yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

UWang Lixian, umphandi kwiZiko laseBeijing lokufuya izilwanyana kunye nonyango lwezilwanyana kwi-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, uthe ukufuya iihagu zesayensi kunokuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nobuninzi. Okwangoku, umjikelo oqhelekileyo wokuzalisa iihagu ngokubanzi yi-150-180 yeentsuku. Izizathu eziphambili zokukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nomjikelo omfutshane wokutyeba kweehagu "ziintathu ezilungileyo": ihagu elungileyo, ukutya okulungileyo kunye nesangqa esihle, oko kukuthi, uhlobo lweehagu oluhle,ukutya okukhuselekileyokunye nendawo yokuzalela ephucukileyo. Imveliso yeehagu zorhwebo ikakhulu yi-ternary hybrid yeDuroc, iLandrace kunye neehagu ezinkulu ezimhlophe. Kuqhelekile ukuba ezi hagu zisemgangathweni ophezulu zithengiswe kwiintsuku ezimalunga ne-160. Ixesha lokuthengisa iihagu zangaphandle ezingcono lifutshane. Ixesha lokutyeba kweehagu ezidityanisiweyo kunye neentlobo zasekuhlaleni lide kakhulu, kwaye ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuzalela liziintsuku ezili-180-200.

Kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokutyebisa ngaphambi kokuxhelwa kweehagu, umlinganiselo wokutya wahlukile, kwaye umlinganiselo wokutya uwonke ungama-300 kg. Umjikelo wokukhula kweehagu uya kwandiswa ubuncinane inyanga enye ukuba azinikwanga ukutya kwaye zondliwa kuphela ngokutya kwehagu kwendabuko okufana neenkozo ezirhabaxa kunye nengca yehagu. Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kokutya kwanamhlanje kunye nezongezo zokutya kuphucula kakhulu izinga lokuguqulwa kokutya, kunciphisa iindleko zokuveliswa kweehagu, kwaye kubeka isiseko esiqinileyo sesayensi kwishishini leehagu ukuze kufumaneke iingenelo ezilungileyo zentlalo nezoqoqosho. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngokusebenzisa isayensi kunye netekhnoloji yokutya yanamhlanje, izinga lokuguqulwa kokutya kwefomyula eTshayina linyuke kakhulu, kwaye izinga lokufaka isandla kwesayensi kunye netekhnoloji ekukhuliseni izilwanyana lidlule kuma-40%. Izinga lokuguqulwa kokutya kwefomyula yehagu linyuke ukusuka kwi-4 ∶ 1 ukuya kwi-3 ∶ 1. Ngaphambili, kwakuthatha unyaka omnye ukukhulisa ihagu, kodwa ngoku inokuthengiswa kwiinyanga ezintandathu, into engenakuhlukaniswa nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yokutya okulinganayo kunye nokuzala.

UWang Lixian uthe ishishini leehagu lanamhlanje eliphawulwa kukuzala iihagu ezinkulu likhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ingcamango yokuzalisa kunye nenqanaba lolawulo lihlala liphucuka. Ngokuphucula imeko yokuzalisa kunye nokusebenzisa unyango olungenabungozi lobulongwe bemfuyo, iingxaki zezifo ezinkulu ezibhubhisayo kunye neentsalela zee-antibiotics zisonjululwe kancinci kancinci. Umjikelo wokukhula kweehagu wancitshiswa kancinci kancinci, kwaye ubunzima behagu nganye ngokubanzi babumalunga nama-200 kg.