Iimpendulo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo zichaphazela kakhulu ukondla nokukhula kwezilwanyana zasemanzini, zinciphise izinga lokusinda, kwaye zide zibangele nokufa. Ukongezwa kwe-betaine ekutyeni kunokunceda ukuphucula ukwehla kokutya kwezilwanyana zasemanzini xa zigula okanye zixinezelekile, ukugcina ukutya okunesondlo kunye nokunciphisa ezinye iimeko zesifo okanye iimpendulo zoxinzelelo.

I-Betaine inokunceda i-salmon imelane noxinzelelo lokubanda ngaphantsi kwe-10 ℃, kwaye sisongezelelo esifanelekileyo sokutya kwiintlanzi ezithile ebusika. Izithole ze-carp zengca ezithuthwa umgama omde zafakwa kumachibi A kunye no-B aneemeko ezifanayo ngokulandelelana. I-0.3% ye-betaine yongezwe kwi-carp yengca echibini A, kwaye i-betaine ayongezwanga kwi-carp yengca echibini B. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba izithole ze-carp zengca echibini A zazisebenza emanzini, zityiwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye azifanga; I-fry echibini B yayitya kancinci kwaye ukufa kwakuyi-4.5%, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba i-betaine inefuthe lokulwa noxinzelelo.

I-Betaine sisithako esikhuselayo kwi-osmotic stress. Ingasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokukhusela i-osmotic kwiiseli. Ingaphucula ukunyamezela kweeseli zebhayoloji kwimbalela, ukufuma okuphezulu, ityuwa ephezulu kunye nendawo engqongileyo ene-hypertonic, ithintele ukulahleka kwamanzi kwiseli kunye nokungena kwetyuwa, iphucule ukusebenza kwepompo ye-Na-K ye-membrane yeseli, izinzise umsebenzi we-enzyme kunye nomsebenzi we-macromolecular webhayoloji, ukuze ilawule uxinzelelo lwezicubu kunye ne-cell osmotic kunye nokulinganisela kwe-ion, igcine umsebenzi wokufunxwa kwezondlo, iphucule ukunyamezela kweentlanzi kunye ne-shrimp xa uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic lutshintsha kakhulu, kwaye iphucule izinga lokuthetha.

Uxinzelelo lweetyuwa ezingaphiliyo emanzini olwandle luphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo engayi kunceda ekukhuleni nasekuphileni kweentlanzi. Uvavanyo lwe-carp lubonisa ukuba ukongeza i-1.5% ye-betaine / i-amino acid kwisibambo kunokunciphisa amanzi kwimisipha yeentlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokulibazisa ukuguga kweentlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo. Xa uxinzelelo lwetyuwa engaphiliyo emanzini lusanda (njengamanzi olwandle), luncedo ekugcineni ibhalansi yoxinzelelo lwe-electrolyte kunye ne-osmotic yeentlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo kunye nokwenza utshintsho ukusuka kwintlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo ukuya kwindawo yamanzi olwandle ngokutyibilikayo. I-Betaine inceda izinto eziphilayo zaselwandle ukugcina uxinzelelo oluphantsi lwetyuwa emizimbeni yazo, izalise amanzi rhoqo, idlala indima kulawulo lwe-osmotic, kwaye ivumele iintlanzi zamanzi acocekileyo ukuba zilungelelanise notshintsho kwindawo yamanzi olwandle.