Ii-surfactants ze-Bipolar zii-surfactants ezinamaqela e-anionic kunye ne-cationic hydrophilic.

Ngokubanzi, ii-amphoteric surfactants ziikhompawundi ezinamaqela amabini e-hydrophilic ngaphakathi kwimolekyuli enye, kuquka amaqela e-anionic, cationic, kunye namaqela e-nonionic hydrophilic. Ii-amphoteric surfactants ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamaqela e-hydrophilic ane-ammonium okanye i-quaternary ammonium salts kwinxalenye ye-cationic kunye neentlobo ze-carboxylate, sulfonate, kunye ne-phosphate kwinxalenye ye-anionic. Umzekelo, ii-amino acid amphoteric surfactants ezine-amino kunye namaqela e-segment kwimolekyuli enye zii-betaine amphoteric surfactants ezenziwe ngeetyuwa zangaphakathi eziqulethe amaqela e-quaternary ammonium kunye ne-carboxyl, ezineentlobo ngeentlobo.

Ukubonakaliswa kwee-surfactants ezihlala emanzini kuyahluka ngokwexabiso le-pH yesisombululo sazo.

Ukubonisa iimpawu ze-cationic surfactants kwi-acidic media; Ukubonisa iimpawu ze-anionic surfactants kwi-alkaline media; Ukubonisa iimpawu ze-non-ionic surfactants kwi-neutral media. Indawo apho iimpawu ze-cationic kunye ne-anionic zilinganiswe ngokugqibeleleyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-isoelectric point.

Kwindawo ye-isoelectric, ii-amino acid type amphoteric surfactants ngamanye amaxesha ziyakhawuleza, ngelixa ii-betaine type surfactants zingakhawulezi lula nokuba zikwindawo ye-isoelectric.

Uhlobo lwe-BetaineEkuqaleni ii-surfactants zahlulwahlulwa njengee-quaternary ammonium salt compounds, kodwa ngokungafaniyo nee-quaternary ammonium salts, azinazo ii-anions.
I-Betaine igcina i-molecular positive charge yayo kunye neempawu ze-cationic kwi-acidic kunye ne-alkaline media. Olu hlobo lwe-surfactant alunakufumana i-positive okanye i-negative charges. Ngokusekelwe kwixabiso le-pH yesisombululo samanzi salolu hlobo lwe-compound, kusengqiqweni ukuyihlela njenge-amphoteric surfactant ngendlela engafanelekanga.

Ngokwale ngxoxo, iikhompawundi zohlobo lwe-betaine kufuneka zihlelwe njengee-cationic surfactants. Nangona ezi ngxoxo zinjalo, uninzi lwabasebenzisi beekhompawundi ze-betaine bayaqhubeka nokuzihlela njengeekhompawundi ze-amphoteric. Kuluhlu lwe-heteroelectricity, kukho isakhiwo se-biphasic kumsebenzi womphezulu: R-N+(CH3) 2-CH2-COO -.

Umzekelo oqhelekileyo we-betaine type surfactants yi-alkyli-betaine, kwaye imveliso yayo emeleyo yi-N-dodecyl-N, i-N-dimethyl-N-carboxyl betaine [BS-12, Cl2H25-N+(CH3) 2-CH2COO -]. I-Betaine enamaqela e-amide [Cl2H25 kwisakhiwo ithathelwa indawo yi-R-CONH - (CH2) 3-] isebenza ngcono.

Ukuqina kwamanzi akuchaphazelii-betaineI-surfactant. Ivelisa i-foam elungileyo kunye nozinzo oluhle emanzini athambileyo naqinileyo. Ukongeza ekudityanisweni nee-anionic compounds kwixabiso eliphantsi le-pH, ingasetyenziswa kunye nee-anionic kunye nee-cationic surfactants. Ngokudibanisa i-betaine kunye nee-anionic surfactants, i-viscosity efanelekileyo inokufezekiswa.