Enye yeendlela ezaziwayo zokusetyenziswa kwe-betaine ekutyeni kwezilwanyana kukugcina iindleko zokutya ngokutshintsha i-choline chloride kunye ne-methionine njenge-methyl donor ekutyeni kwenkukhu. Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa oku, i-betaine ingafakwa ngaphezulu kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Kweli nqaku sichaza oko kuthethwa yiyo.

I-Betaine isebenza njenge-osmoregulator kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iziphumo ezimbi zoxinzelelo lobushushu kunye ne-coccidiosis. Ngenxa yokuba i-betaine inefuthe ekumisweni kwamafutha kunye neeproteni, ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula umgangatho we-carcass kunye nokunciphisa isibindi esinamafutha. Amanqaku amathathu angaphambili ophononongo kwi-intanethi kwi-AllAboutFeed.net achaze ngezi zihloko ngolwazi olunzulu lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana (ii-layers, iimazi zeenkomo kunye neenkomo zobisi). Kweli nqaku, sishwankathela ezi zicelo.

Ukutshintshwa kweMethionine-choline

Amaqela e-methyl abaluleke kakhulu kwi-metabolism yazo zonke izilwanyana, ngaphezu koko, izilwanyana azikwazi ukuvelisa amaqela e-methyl kwaye ngoko ke kufuneka ziwafumane kwizidlo zazo. Amaqela e-methyl asetyenziswa kwi-methylation reactions ukuze kuphinde kusetyenziswe i-methylate methionine, kwaye kwenziwe iikhompawundi eziluncedo ezifana ne-carnitine, i-creatine, kunye ne-phosphatidylcholine ngendlela ye-S-adenosyl methionine. Ukuvelisa amaqela e-methyl, i-choline inokuoxidizwa ibe yi-betaine ngaphakathi kwe-mitochondria (Umfanekiso 1). Izicelo zokutya ze-choline zinokugutyungelwa kwi-choline ekhoyo kwizixhobo (zemifuno) eziluhlaza kunye nokwenziwa kwe-phosphatidylcholine kunye ne-choline xa kukho i-S-adenosyl methionine ekhoyo. Ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kwe-methionine kwenzeka ngokunikela nge-betaine enye yamaqela ayo amathathu e-methyl kwi-homocysteine, nge-enzyme betaine-homocysteine ​​​​methyltransferase. Emva kokunikezelwa kweqela le-methyl, imolekyuli enye ye-dimethylglycine (DMG) iyasala, e-oxidised kwi-glycine. Ukongezwa kwe-Betaine kubonisiwe ukuba kunciphisa amanqanaba e-homocysteine ​​ngelixa kukhokelela ekunyukeni okuncinci kwamanqanaba e-plasma serine kunye ne-cysteine. Olu khuthazo lwe-betaine-dependent homocysteine ​​​​re-methylation kunye nokwehla okulandelayo kwe-plasma homocysteine ​​​​kunokugcinwa logama nje kuthathwa i-betaine eyongezelelweyo. Ngokubanzi, izifundo zezilwanyana zibonisa ukuba i-betaine ingathatha indawo ye-choline chloride ngokusebenza okuphezulu kwaye ingathatha indawo yenxalenye ye-total diet methionine, okubangela ukutya okungabizi kakhulu, ngelixa igcina ukusebenza.

Ukulahlekelwa kwezoqoqosho ngenxa yoxinzelelo lobushushu

Ukwanda kweendleko zamandla ekukhululeni umzimba kuxinzelelo lobushushu kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwemveliso yemfuyo. Umzekelo, iziphumo zoxinzelelo lobushushu kwiinkomo zobisi zibangela ilahleko ezoqoqosho engaphezulu kwe-€400 ngenkomo nganye ngonyaka ngenxa yokuncipha kwemveliso yobisi. Iinkukhu ezizalelayo zibonisa ukusebenza okuphantsi kwaye iimazi ezikwixinzelelo lobushushu zinciphisa ukutya kwazo, zizale amathole amancinci kwaye zinokunyuka kokuncancisa ukuya kwixesha le-oestrus. I-Betaine, njenge-dipolar zwitterion kwaye inyibilika kakhulu emanzini inokusebenza njenge-osmoregulator. Yonyusa amandla okugcina amanzi emathumbu kunye nezicubu zemisipha ngokubamba amanzi ngokuchasene ne-concentration gradient. Kwaye iphucula umsebenzi we-ionic pump weeseli zamathumbu. Oku kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, okunokusetyenziselwa ukusebenza.Itheyibhile 1ibonisa isishwankathelo sezilingo zoxinzelelo lobushushu kwaye iingenelo ze-betaine ziyaboniswa.

Umkhwa oqhelekileyo wokusetyenziswa kwe-betaine ngexesha loxinzelelo lobushushu kukutya okuninzi, impilo ephucukileyo kunye nokusebenza ngcono kwezilwanyana.

Iimpawu zokuxhela

I-Betaine yimveliso eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuphucula iimpawu ze-carcass. Njengomnikeli we-methyl, inciphisa ubungakanani be-methionine/cysteine ​​​​ukuze isuse i-amination kwaye ngaloo ndlela ivumela ukwenziwa kweproteni ephezulu. Njengomnikeli we-methyl onamandla, i-betaine ikwanyusa ukwenziwa kwe-carnitine. I-Carnitine ibandakanyeka ekuthuthweni kwe-fatty acids ukuya kwi-mitochondria ukuze i-oxidation, ivumela umxholo we-lipids yesibindi kunye ne-carcass ukuba unciphe. Okokugqibela kodwa okungabalulekanga, nge-osmoregulation, i-betaine ivumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kwi-carcass.Itheyibhile 3ishwankathela inani elikhulu leemvavanyo ezibonisa iimpendulo ezihambelanayo kwi-betaine yokutya.

Isiphelo

I-Betaine inezicelo ezahlukeneyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Ayikongi nje kuphela iindleko zokutya, kodwa nokuphucula ukusebenza kunokufumaneka ngokufaka i-betaine kwifomyula yokutya esetyenziswayo namhlanje. Ezinye zezicelo azikaziwa okanye azisetyenziswa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, zibonisa igalelo ekusebenzeni ngcono kwezilwanyana (ezivelisa kakhulu) ezine-genetics yanamhlanje ejongene nemingeni yemihla ngemihla efana noxinzelelo lobushushu, izibilini ezinamafutha kunye ne-coccidiosis.