I-Potassium diformate, ngendlela yayo eyahlukileyo yokulwa neentsholongwane kunye nemisebenzi yayo yokulawula imizimba, ivela njengenye indlela efanelekileyo endaweni yee-antibiotics ekulimeni ii-shrimp.ukuthintela iintsholongwane, ukuphucula impilo yamathumbu, ukulawula umgangatho wamanzikunyeukukhulisa amandla omzimba okulwa nomkhuhlane, ikhuthaza uphuhliso lwezolimo zasemanzini oluluhlaza nolusempilweni.

I-Potassium diformate, njengesongezo setyuwa esitsha se-organic acid, ibonakalise amathuba amaninzi okusetyenziswa kwishishini lezolimo zasemanzini kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngakumbi ekufuyeni ii-shrimp apho ibonisa iziphumo ezininzi. Le khompawundi, eyenziwe yi-formic acid kunye ne-potassium ions, ivela njengenye indlela efanelekileyo yokubulala iintsholongwane ngenxa yendlela yayo eyahlukileyo yokulwa neentsholongwane kunye nemisebenzi yokulawula umzimba. Ixabiso layo eliphambili ekufuyeni ii-shrimp libonakala kakhulu kwiinkalo ezine: ukuthintela izifo, ukuphuculwa kwempilo yamathumbu, ukulawulwa komgangatho wamanzi, kunye nokuphucula amajoni omzimba. Le misebenzi iyasebenzisana ukuze yenze isiseko esibalulekileyo sobugcisa bokufuya iintlanzi ezisempilweni.

Ngokuphathelele ukutshintshwa kwee-antibiotic, indlela yokusebenza kwe-potassium diformate yokulwa neentsholongwane ineengenelo ezibalulekileyo. Xa i-potassium diformate ingena kwindlela yokugaya ye-shrimp, iyahlukanisa kwaye ikhuphe iimolekyuli ze-formic acid kwindawo ene-asidi. Ezi molekyuli ze-formic acid zinokungena kwiimembrane zeseli zebhaktheriya kwaye zihlukane zibe yi-hydrogen ions kwaye zenze ii-ion kwindawo ene-alkaline cytoplasmic, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla kwexabiso le-pH ngaphakathi kweeseli zebhaktheriya kwaye iphazamise imisebenzi yazo eqhelekileyo ye-metabolic.

Uphando lubonise ukuba i-potassium diformate inefuthe elikhulu lokuthintela iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo ze-shrimp ezifana neVibrio parahaemolyticus, iVibrio harveyi, kunye ne-Escherichia coli, ene-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ye-0.5% -1.5%. Xa kuthelekiswa nee-antibiotics, le ndlela yokubulala iintsholongwane emzimbeni ayibangeli ukuxhathisa iintsholongwane kwaye akukho mngcipheko wokufumana intsalela yamayeza.

Ulawulo lwempilo yamathumbu ngomnye umsebenzi ophambili we-potassium diformate. Ukukhululwa kwe-formic acid akugcini nje ngokuthintela iintsholongwane eziyingozi, kodwa kudala nendawo entle yokukhula kweeprobiotics ezifana ne-lactic acid bacteria kunye ne-bifidobacteria. Ukulungiswa kolu lwakhiwo loluntu lweentsholongwane kuphucula kakhulu ukugaya kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokufunxa amathumbu.

I-Potassium diformateIbonisa iziphumo ezizodwa ezingathanga ngqo kulawulo lomgangatho wamanzi. Kwizilwanyana zasemanzini zemveli, malunga ne-20% -30% ye-nitrogen yokutya ayifunxwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayikhutshelwa emanzini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe ngumthombo ophambili we-ammonia nitrogen kunye ne-nitrite. Ngokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokutya, i-potassium diformate inciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhutshwa kwe-nitrogen.

Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba ukongeza i-0.5%i-potassium diformateinokunciphisa umxholo we-nitrogen kwindle ye-shrimp nge-18% -22% kunye nomxholo we-phosphorus nge-15% -20%. Esi siphumo sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya sibaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-aquaculture zomjikelo wamanzi (i-RAS), ezinokulawula uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-nitrite emanzini angaphantsi kwe-0.1mg/L, ngaphantsi kakhulu komda wokhuseleko lwe-shrimp (0.5mg/L). Ukongeza, i-potassium iyatshintsha kancinci kancinci ibe yi-carbon dioxide kunye namanzi kwiindawo zamanzi, ngaphandle kokubangela ungcoliseko lwesibini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisongezelelo esinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

Isiphumo sokuphucula amajoni omzimba yenye indlela yokubonakalisa ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwe-potassium diformate. Amathumbu aphilileyo ayisiyiyo nje kuphela into yokufunxa izondlo, kodwa ikwangumqobo obalulekileyo wokuzikhusela. I-Potassium diformate inciphisa impendulo yokuvuvukala ngokulawula ibhalansi ye-gut microbiota kunye nokunciphisa ukukhuthazwa kweebhaktheriya ezibangela izifo kwi-epithelium yamathumbu. Uphando lufumanise ukuba ukongeza i-potassium diformate kumaqela e-shrimp kunyusa inani le-lymphocytes yegazi nge-30% -40%, kwaye kuphucula kakhulu umsebenzi wee-enzymes ezinxulumene nokuzikhusela ezifana ne-phenoloxidase (PO) kunye ne-superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Kwimisebenzi ebonakalayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium diformate kufuna umlinganiselo wesayensi. Ubungakanani obucetyiswayo bokongeza yi-0.4% -1.2% yobunzima bokutya, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuzala kunye neemeko zomgangatho wamanzi.
Kucetyiswa ukusebenzisa umlinganiselo we-0.6% -0.8% ngexesha lesigaba sokuhluma kwezithole (PL10-PL30) ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamathumbu;

Ixesha lokulima lingancitshiswa liye kwi-0.4% -0.6%, ikakhulu ukugcina ibhalansi yoluntu lweentsholongwane.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-potassium formate kufuneka ixutywe kakuhle nokutya (kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe inkqubo yokuxuba enamanqanaba amathathu), kwaye kufuneka kuthintelwe ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophezulu ngaphambi kokuba kutyiwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhlangana kwemifuno kunye nokuchaphazela ukuncancisa kwayo.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo nee-organic acids (ezifana ne-citric acid) kunye neeprobiotics (ezifana neBacillus subtilis) kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezihambelanayo, kodwa kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhambelana nezinto ze-alkaline (ezifana ne-baking soda).

Ngokwembono yophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso, ukusetyenziswai-potassium diformateihambelana nomkhwa oqhelekileyo wotshintsho oluluhlaza kwi-aquaculture.